Association-Wide GIB's
Proper Procedures for Cleaning Architectural Glass Products - GANA 01-0300
Architectural glass products
must be properly cleaned during construction activities and
as a part of routine maintenance in order to maintain visual
and aesthetic clarity. Since glass products can be
permanently damaged if improperly cleaned, glass producers
and fabricators recommend strict compliance with the
suggested procedures outlined in this document for properly
cleaning glass surfaces.
Flat Glass Industry Standards - GANA 02-0409
This document provides a list of
the current editions, as of April 2, 2009, of industry
consensus and federal flat glass standards frequently
specified and referenced for use in residential and
commercial construction applications in the United States.
Differences Between Safety Glazing Standards - GANA 03-0609
This
document contrasts the more significant differences between
the following two standards: CPSC Part 1201 Safety Standard
for Architectural Glazing Materials and ANSI Z97.1-2004.
Both standards are applicable to safety glazing materials
used in architectural applications. This bulletin makes no
attempt to summarize all pertinent provisions of the two
standards, only their significant differences.
Suggested Procedures for Dealing with Broken Glass - GANA 04-0906
All types
of architectural glass can be hazardous when broken. Glass
can break after installation due to accidental impact,
severe weather events, vandalism or improper glazing
conditions as well as for other reasons. Regardless of the
type of glass, broken glass can pose a risk of injury and
property damage. This document outlines suggested procedures
for dealing with broken glass.
Protective Glazing Committee GIB's
Bullet Resistant Glazing - GANA PGC 01-0707
Bullet
resistant glazing provides an improved safety barrier
against ballistic attack. Bullet resistant glazing materials
include all-glass laminates, glass-clad polycarbonate
laminates, and other laminated or monolithic plastics.
Typical applications include banks, currency exchanges,
police stations, embassies, military installations, prisons,
detention centers, government offices, and schools. This
document discusses various aspects and considerations with
bullet resistant glazing.
Blast Mitigating Glazing - GANA PGC 02-0509
Blast
mitigating glazing can substantially reduce injury from
flying glass resulting from direct blast shock waves
(over-pressures). When properly designed, framed, and
anchored, blast resistant laminates are capable of
maintaining the integrity of the building envelope following
an explosion and reducing interior damage. Although there
are other mechanisms of reducing the number of glass shards
that enter a facility this document deals with factory
fabricated glazing with at least two pieces of glass or
plastic glazing bonded together with a high performance
polymer interlayer.
Performance Criteria for Glazing Subjected to Seismic Events
- GANA PGC 03-0809
Shaking and
twisting buildings, uplifting of the earth, people
screaming, running and trying to avoid falling debris. This
can be a typical scene during a damaging earthquake.
Significant research has been done on the causes of
earthquakes; less work has been done on how to keep
buildings intact and functioning during these events.
Engineers and architects must follow code requirements for
the structural performance of buildings in seismic zones.
This glass information bulletin focuses on the use of glass
and glazing as non-structural components installed in
buildings in seismic-prone areas.
Detention Facility Glazing - GANA PGC 04-0210
NEW!!
Detention
facility glazing is defined as translucent or transparent
material constructed to withstand measurable, complex loads
from intentional, sustained threats or attacks in a
detention and correctional environment. Detention glazing
must comply with testing standards as set forth by several
administrative bodies depending on whether the facility is a
local, state or federal facility. Security glazing proposed
to be used in adult and juvenile detention facilities must
be of the appropriate rating in relationship to the security
level of the facility.
Building Envelope Contractor (BEC) Division GIB's
The Top 10 Items Commonly Missing from Fenestration System Shop Drawings - GANA BECD 01-0906
Shop
drawings, for glass and aluminum windows, curtain walls and
skylights, must document and detail all requirements of
design parameters, material ordering, fabrication and
erection. Failure to properly document these requirements
can result in numerous errors and project delays. In order
to provide a reminder of key elements of successful shop
drawings, members of the GANA Building Envelope Contractors
(BEC) Division developed this list of the Top Ten items
commonly missing from fenestration systems shop drawings.
Bid Considerations for Contract Glazing Proposals - GANA BECD 02-0109
Today's
business climate requires glazing subcontractors to take
steps to reduce their agreements to writing, clarify those
agreements and limit their exposure. The purpose of this
document is to list optional inclusions, exclusions and
qualifications for glazing subcontractors to consider
adopting. This is not a comprehensive list; it is a tool to
assist subcontractors in evaluating their bid proposals.
Decorative
Division GIB's
Guidelines for Handling and Cleaning Decorative Glass - DD 01-0608
Decorative
glass products have become important components of the
architectural landscape. They contribute to the architecture
and design requirements of interior and exterior
applications for residential, commercial and industrial
projects. In order to preserve the quality and integrity of
decorative glass products and to ensure their long-term
performance, fabricators, glazing contractors, related
sub-contractors (e.g. millwork contractors) and building
owners should follow appropriate procedures during handling,
fabrication, installation, and cleaning. The guidelines
within this document are intended to inform and assist those
who fabricate, use and maintain decorative glass products.
Flat Glass Manufacturing
Division GIB's
Approximate Weight of Architectural Flat Glass - FGMD 01-0408
Design
professionals, wall system manufacturers, and construction
managers often need the weight of materials for engineering
and construction site considerations. The table within this
document gives approximate weights of architectural flat
glass by thickness designations as published by North
American manufacturers.
Protecting Glass Against Weld Splatter - FGMD 02-0809
Glass
fabricators take great care during manufacturing to ensure
that the products that they make meet the highest quality
standards. They carry these same standards to the packaging
area, taking every precaution to deliver the products to the
project in good condition. At the jobsite, there are many
activities that are performed that can have negative effect
on glass products, especially after glass is installed. One
of these is welding, a common activity and the subject of
this bulletin.
LEED® Recycled Content for Glass -
FGMD 03-0410
LEED®,
which is an acronym for “Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design,” is a rating system, developed by the
U.S. Green Building Council, which serves to promote
sustainable buildings, by awarding points for reducing
energy use, improving indoor environmental quality and
promoting a whole-building approach to sustainability.
LEED® enables “Credit Points” to be earned in seven (7)
categories. One of these categories, “Materials and
Resources,” enables points to be earned for “Recycled
Content.” The purpose of this GIB is to clarify the
current requirements for recycled content claims for glass.
Insulating
Division GIB's
Describing Architectural Glass Constructions - ID 01-1107
Architectural glass products used in commercial construction
applications often incorporate multiple lites of glass with
different colors, thicknesses, strength, coatings and other
surface and edge treatments. The Glass Association of North
America (GANA) recommends the terminology and practices for
describing the construction of architectural glass products
to be used in windows, doors, skylights, window walls and
curtain walls contained within this document.
Laminating
Division GIB's
Design Considerations for Laminated Glazing Applications - GANA LD 01-1003
(2008 Edition)
Modern
architectural designs often require glazing materials that
provide enhanced levels of security and safety performance
properties. These properties include: resistance to
ballistics, blast, hurricane/cyclic wind pressures and
physical attack. Applications may also require desirable
properties such as sound reduction, fade resistance, and
solar & thermal control. Laminated glazing materials consist
of multiple plies of glass, interlayers, resins and/or
plastic glazing materials (such as polycarbonate sheet or
acrylic), which are often complex in nature. They are
designed to provide specified levels of performance. Design
professionals and building owners should be aware of the
considerations contained within this document when selecting
and specifying laminated glazing constructions.
Emergency Egress Through Laminated Glazing Materials - GANA LD 02-0704
(2010 Edition)
Building
codes often require, and/or modern architectural designs
specify, glazing materials that provide enhanced performance
levels of security and safety. These performance properties
include: resistance to ballistics, blast, hurricane/cyclic
wind pressures and physical attack. Glazing applications may
also specify such properties as sound reduction, fade
resistance, and solar and thermal control. Because laminated
glazing materials are able to meet such requirements and
design criteria, they are finding application in a broader
range of installations than ever before. The use of
laminated glazing in residential and commercial
installations has led to inquiries by design professionals
and specifiers regarding the reaction of public safety
officials to these products. This document is intended to
inform building owners, design professionals, and specifiers
about emergency ingress and egress considerations when using
these products.
Point Supported Glass - GANA LD 03-0505
Architectural glass that is monolithic, laminated, or
insulating has traditionally been supported by capturing the
edges of the glass. As architects have expressed their
desire to make the walls of the buildings even more
transparent, engineers have developed methods of reducing
the size of the supporting structures. In recent years,
especially in Europe, it has been increasingly popular to
attach the glass to the structure using bolted fittings
directly connected through holes in the glass. These
fittings allow improved transparency and offer additional
architectural opportunities in the detailing of the bolted
connections. This document discusses this type of glass
application.
Skylights and Sloped Glazing are Not Walking Surfaces - GANA LD 04-0306
The use of
skylights and sloped glazing systems continues to grow in
popularity as architects and building owners use these
fenestration systems to bring natural daylight further into
homes, schools, medical facilities, commercial offices and
retail stores. In order to ensure human safety and long-term
performance of skylights and sloped glazing systems,
construction workers, maintenance professionals and others
must be aware that the systems typically are not designed or
intended to be used as walking surfaces. This document
discusses safety concerns with walking on these types of
surfaces.
Marking and Labeling of Architectural Laminated Glass - GANA LD 05-1006
Modern
architectural designs are requiring the installation of
glazing materials that are capable of performing in
multi-peril situations. These applications typically require
levels of protection well beyond those of basic safety
glazing. As such there has been unprecedented advancement in
the types, configurations and complexities of glazing
materials currently utilized in architectural applications.
Because of the tremendous increase in the recognized
performance of glass and other glazing, the concern over
properly identified components of a fenestration assembly
has also increased. Currently, there are several industry
guidelines that assist the frame manufacturer in the proper
labeling of framing systems, but very little guidance is
available for the glazing that is placed inside the frame,
referenced as the “infill”. The purpose of this
informational bulletin is to provide guidance and hopefully
some clarity to the various permanent marks or manufacturers
designations currently being applied and/or required for the
glazing infill of a fenestration assembly.
Glass Floors and Stairs - GANA LD 06-1107
Glass floors and stair treads
are found in both residential and commercial settings, and
are growing in popularity because of their aesthetic appeal
as well as for the daylighting benefits they bring to a
space. While there are manufacturers that provide engineered
and tested flooring systems, most glass floor and stair
tread projects require the input of a structural engineer to
provide load calculations and an experienced installer to
provide glazing details. Because pedestrian safety is a
critical objective, the glazing in-fill must provide an
acceptable level of slip resistance. If there is a
possibility for inappropriate lines of sight, the glass will
require greater opacity or translucency to address a concern
for modesty. This document discusses several considerations
for using glass in flooring and stair applications.
Hurricane Product Substitution - GANA LD 07-0809
Thousands
of impact resistant windows, doors, and skylights have been
tested and certified since Hurricane Andrew ravaged South
Florida in 1992, causing billions in property damage. As a
consequence of the damage inflicted by Hurricane Andrew,
more stringent standards for window systems were adopted.
The requirements put into place the following year called
for testing of window and door systems and changes to any
component--including framing materials, glazing, sealants,
weather stripping, hardware and anchors typically
necessitated retesting and recertification. This document
discusses the many considerations for hurricane product
substitution.
Weight of Laminated Architectural Glass - GANA LD 08-0909
Design
professionals, wall system manufacturers, and construction
managers often need the weight of materials for engineering
and construction site considerations. The tables contained
in this document provide approximate weights of interlayer
used in laminated architectural flat glass by North American
manufacturers.
Mirror
Division GIB's
Proper Procedures for Cleaning Flat Glass Mirrors - GANA MD 01-0105
Mirrors
provide both functional and aesthetic performance in the
interior design for today’s homes, office buildings,
schools, medical and institutional facilities. In addition
to the function of providing reflected images, mirrors are
being use to move natural light further into buildings and
enhance the openness of rooms. Proper cleaning procedures
must be followed to ensure the long-term performance of
mirrors. This document provides suggest procedures for
cleaning flat glass mirrors.
Proper Procedures for Fabrication of Flat Glass Mirrors - GANA MD 02-0209
Silvered
flat glass mirror products can be fabricated to provide
additional aesthetic appeal such as beveled edges and
surface accents. As additional fabrication features are
applied, is it critical to ensure proper fabrication
conditions and techniques are utilized in order to protect
and maintain the integrity of the mirror backing and edges
and to reduce the chances of black edge developing. When
fabricating silvered flat glass mirror products, the members
of the Mirror Division of the Glass Association of North
American (GANA) recommend consideration of the guidelines
provided in this document.
Installation Techniques Designed to Prolong the Life of Flat
Glass Mirrors - GANA MD 03-0709
The
reflective surface of a mirror is a thin film of pure
metallic silver. Although well protected by paint, the
silver film remains vulnerable to corrosion if exposed to
chemicals or excessive moisture. This document provides some
important installation recommendations. Strict adherence to
these dos and don’ts will help protect the silver from
corrosion and prolong the life of the mirror.
Tempering
Division GIB's
Heat-Treated Glass Surfaces Are Different - GANA TD 02-0402 (2008
Edition)
As the use
of glass increased over recent years, issues of strength,
safety and thermal performance became increasingly important
design considerations. The availability of tinted and coated
glasses had a dramatic impact on glass use in building
projects. The vastly expanded aesthetic options, combined
with the improved energy conserving and comfort capabilities
of tinted and coated glasses allowed architects to use more
glass, as well as larger sizes in their designs. A
consequence of this trend was a corresponding increase in
the use of tempered and heat-strengthened glass in order to
meet both thermal and windload design requirements. The
demand for tempered glass further increased with the passing
of safety glazing legislation in 1977, which mandated its
use in certain locations. This document discusses why
industry cleaning procedures must be followed to avoid glass
damage.
Construction Site Protection - GANA TD 03-1003 (2008
Edition)
During
glass manufacturing, fabrication and installation, products
are carefully handled to prevent surface and edge damage.
Materials are packaged to provide protection during shipment
and delivery. Once finished materials are placed on a
construction site, they become exposed to a variety of
conditions and influences that can adversely affect product
aesthetics and functionality. Irreparable glass damage can
occur from improper storage and handling, exposure to
chemicals and leaching agents, prolonged exposure to
moisture, mechanical attack and breakage, damage related to
adjacent construction activities and improper cleaning
methods. This document discusses why steps must be taken to
avoid permanent damage to glass.
The Importance of Fabrication Prior to Heat-Treatment - TD 04-1207
Glass
applications frequently require a variety of glass edge
and/or surface fabrication. Some common fabrication
processes include edge seaming, grinding, and polishing;
hole drilling and notch cutting; and surface grooving,
sand-blasting, and etching. GANA recommends against glass
fabrication after heat-treatment because it may weaken the
glass and/or cause it to break. This document discusses why.
Quench Patterns in Heat-Treated Architectural Glass - TD 05-0108
Glass used
in architecture today commonly includes clear and tinted
glass substrates, low-emissivity and solar-control coatings,
decorative ceramic-frit patterns and safety glazing
considerations that require glass to be heat-treated.
Heat-strengthened and fully tempered glass is designed to
meet increased thermal and mechanical stresses, or other
specified physical criteria. As a result of the
heat-treating fabrication process, quench patterns/marks or
what is often referred to as a “strain pattern,” may become
visible in heat-strengthened and fully tempered glass under
certain natural or polarized lighting conditions. This
document discusses these patterns.
